Synapsin Pro LPT White Paper

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Synapsin Pro LPT 

This material is provided for educational and informational purposes only to licensed health care professionals. This information is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Herbs and other natural substances are very powerful and can occasionally cause dangerous allergic reactions in a small percentage of the population. Licensed health care professionals should rely on sound professional judgment when recommending herbs and natural medicines to specific individuals. Individual use of herbs and natural medicines should be supervised by an appropriate health care professional. The use of any specific product should always be in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions.

 

Liposomal LPT chewable tabs provide a safe and more efficient way for the body to absorb targeted therapeutic compounds. LPT does not have stability problems that plague the liposomal industry – LPT are proven stable over time.

 

Synapsin Pro LPT USES:

  • Cognition support
  • Supports Improved focus
  • Intense Energy support
  • Enhanced Mental Performance support with 2 potent ginsenosides
  • Addition of methylcobalamin (most absorbable vitamin B12) for neurological support

 

Dosage:

  • Each Synapsin Pro LPT contains:
    • 6 mg Rg3 ginsenoside 90% (from Panax ginsengA. Meyer fermented root) +
    • 6mg Rb1 ginsenoside > 90% (from Panax notoginseng root)
    • 600 mcg methylcobalamin per tablet
  • Chew and swallow 2 tablets daily for desired effects (12mg Rg3, 12mg Rb1 and 1,200mcg methylcobalamin daily).
  • If over excitation or other side effects occur, decrease dosage, or stop altogether and discuss with your healthcare provider.

 

Synapsin Pro LPT is a unique, highly bioavailable, chewable liposomal tablet (lipotab LPT) using Rg3 ginsenoside from steamed Panax ginseng (C.A. Meyer) root and Rb1 ginsenoside from Panax notoginseng root.  Synapsin Pro LPT is formulated for optimal support of improved energy, cognition, focus and neuroprotection, over and beyond what Synapsin LPT can provide alone.

Rg3 is a unique ginsenoside phytocompound from Panax ginseng that is about 0.1% of the steamed root – Synapsin Pro LPT uses highly concentrated Rg3 at 85-90%.  Rg3 is an exciting new molecule from Panax ginseng, with scientific studies in humans reporting antiinflammatory/ antioxidant activity, metabolic support and neuroprotection for the brain.

Rb1 is a unique ginsenoside phytocompound found in Panax species, including Panax notoginseng, with Synapsin Pro LPT using highly concentrated Rb1at >90%. Rb1 is added for synergistic support of Rg3 ginsenoside.

Supporting Research:

Rg3 from Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng) fermented root

  • Ginsenoside Rg3 administration appeared to improve cognitive functions by significantly decreasing expression of pro-inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and COX-2 in the hippocampus.[i]
  • Rg3 also improves mitochondrial dysfunction, which improves cognitive impairment.[ii]
  • Laboratory studies report that Rg3 extracted from Panax ginseng is neuroprotective, helping to decrease microglia activation and neuroinflammatory processes.[iii],[iv],[v]
  • Antagonizes glutamate neurotoxicity by NMDA receptor inhibition.[vi][vii]
  • Support for opioid withdrawal and addiction recovery
  • Glutamate, the main “excitatory” neurochemical in the brain, plays a pivotal role in addiction, with the NMDA receptor a target of drugs of abuse, including opiates and cocaine[viii]
  • NMDA receptors are implicated in producing cognitive deficits seen in opiate abuse.
  • Rg3 is a novel Na+ channel inhibitor capable of acting on resting and open states of Na+ channels via interactions with the S4 voltage-sensor segment of domain II
  • Studies report Rg3 most effective ginsenoside at neuronal Na+ regulation[ix]
  • Rg3 is reported to have anti-inflammatory activity via COX-2 inhibition and reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, including TNF-alpha and IL-1B.[x]
  • Rg3 has been studied and reported effective (laboratory and human studies) in symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome:[xi]
    • Obesity – improves GLUT4 expression, PPAR-gamma expression, and AMPK phosphorylation, decreases adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis)
    • NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, decreases inflammation, supports ALT/AST levels, improves PPAR and AMPK gamma expression, decreases hepatic lipid levels and TNF-alpha)
    • Blood glucose/insulin support – decreases oxidative stress, AGE formation, increases insulin secretion and glucose tolerance, decreases lipid and blood glucose levels (fasting and post-prandial), improves PPAR-gamma, AMPK expression and body weight
    • Hypertension – decreases blood pressure, decreases blood vessel wall thickness, decreases renin and angiotensin-1 levels, improves blood vessel health

Rb1 from Panax notoginseng root[xii]

  • Neuroprotection
  • Rb1 helps promote functional recovery after cerebral ischemic injury, improve abnormal cerebral ischemic microenvironment, inhibit nervous cell apoptosis and release of inflammatory factors after cerebral ischemia, to protect brain tissues[xiii]
  • Rb1 helps regulate cellular autophagy[xiv] – In vivo, Rb1 treatment reduced motor neuron loss and promoted functional recovery in spinal cord injury models. Rb1 inhibited autophagy of neurons in SCI models and suppressed neuronal apoptosis and autophagic cell death.
    • Helps regulate aquaporins – water channel proteins playing critical roles in brain tissue water balance
    • Reported to delay neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease by decreasing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, improving cognition and improving motor dysfunction
    • Also reported to help relieve anxiety and depression – restores BDNF and neuropeptide Y, upregulates GABA receptor expression, increase serotonin
  • Antioxidant/Anti-inflammatory
    • Decreases ROS, NO, 8-OHDG
    • Decreases IL-6, TNFa, IL-1B
  • Blood glucose and insulin regulation
    • Increases insulin sensitivity – improves insulin signal transduction by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibiting the inflammatory response of adipose tissues
    • Improves glucose tolerance
    • Increases perilipin, GLP-1, GLUT1,GLUT4, PPARgamma
    • Promotes gluconeogenesis via mitochondrial support
  • Cardiovascular
    • Helps support lipid regulation – antioxidant
    • Mitochondrial support

Protects against myocardial ischemia – reperfusion injury

    • Hypertension – decreases blood pressure, decreases blood vessel wall thickness and vascular calcification, decreases renin and angiotensin-1 levels, improves blood vessel health
  • Anti-tumor
  • Weight Management
    • Rb1 suppresses pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects of free fatty acids on 3T3-L1 adipocytes, blocking the NF-kB signaling pathway.
    • Rb1 also helpsinduce browning in 3T3-L1 cells and primary white adipocytes through the activation of the AMPK- mediated pathway
    • Reduced food intake – enhances CCK and other satiety signals

 

Rb1 plays many beneficial roles by regulating the expression of essential proteins including:

  • HMGB1, GLUT4, 11b- HSD1, ERK, Akt, Notch, NF-kB, MAPK, PPAR-g, with associated pathways involving TGF-b1/Smad pathway, PI3K/mTOR pathway, Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, Nrf2/ARE pathway, and MAPK/NF-kB pathway.

This material is provided for educational and informational purposes only to licensed health care professionals. This information is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Herbs and other natural substances are very powerful and can occasionally cause dangerous allergic reactions in a small percentage of the population. Licensed health care professionals should rely on sound professional judgment when recommending herbs and natural medicines to specific individuals. Individual use of herbs and natural medicines should be supervised by an appropriate health care professional. The use of any specific product should always be in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions.

Copyright © 2023 James B. LaValle, Natural Formulations All rights reserved.

No part of this material may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the author.

[i] Lee B, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments by Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Rats. Biomol Ther (Seoul). 2013;21(5):L381-90.

[ii] Zhang Y, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 Prevents Cognitive Impairment by Improving Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Agric Food Chem. 2019;67(36):10048-58.

[iii] Joo SS, Yoo YM, Ahn BW, Nam SY, Kim YB, Hwang KW, Lee do I. Prevention of inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity by Rg3 and its role in microglial activation. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Jul;31(7):1392-6.

[iv] Bao HY, Zhang J, Yeo SJ, et al. Memory enhancing and neuroprotective effects of selected ginsenosides. Arch Pharm Res. 2005 Mar;28(3):335-42.

[v] Manna F, Abdel-Wahhab MA, Ahmed HH, Park MH. Protective role of Panax ginseng extract standardized with ginsenoside Rg3 against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. J Appl Toxicol. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):198-206.

[vi] Kim JH. Cardiovascular diseases and Panax ginseng: a review on molecular mechanisms and medical applications. J Ginseng Res. 2012;36:16-26.

[vii] Kim JH, Cho SY, Lee JH, et al. Neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rg3 against homocysteine-induced excitotoxicity in rat hippocampus. Brain Res. 2007 Mar 9;1136(1):190-9.

[viii] Tomek SE, LaCrosse AL, Nemirovsky NE, et al. NMDA receptor modulators in the treatment of drug addiction. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2013;6(2):251-268.

[ix] Nah SY, Ki DH, Rhim H. Ginsenosides: Are any of them candidates for drugs acting on the central nervous system? CNS Drug Reviews. 2007;13(4):381-404.

[x] Joo SS, Yoo YM, Ahn BW, Nam SY, Kim YB, Hwang KW, Lee do I. Prevention of inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity by Rg3 and its role in microglial activation. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Jul;31(7):1392-6.

[xi] Lee H, et al. Relationship. Between ginsenoside Rg3 and metabolic syndrome. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:130.

[xii] Lin Z, et al. Recent progress (2015-2020) in the investigation of the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rb1, a main active ingredient in Panax ginseng Meyer.J Ginseng Res. 2022;46(1):39-53.

[xiii] Liu A, Ginsenoside Rb1 administration attenuates focal cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury through inhibition of HMGB1 and inflammation signals. Exp Ther Med 2018;16:3020e6.

[xiv]  Dai SN, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates autophagy of hypoxia cardiomyocytes from neonatal rats via AMP-activated protein kinase pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2019;25: 521e8.